关键要点
- Check documents before unloading, not after.
- Once material enters a silo or is commingled, rejection is effectively lost.
- Photograph and record condition at arrival, every time.
Document check at the gate
Confirm lot identity, quantity, certificate presence and consistency between transport document, packing list and certificate of analysis. Discrepancies found before unloading are negotiable; the same discrepancies found afterwards are usually not.
Physical inspection
Vehicle or container cleanliness, seal integrity, odour, temperature where relevant, moisture evidence, caking, foreign matter, insect activity and packaging damage. Record with photographs and a dated inspection sheet.
Sampling and conditional acceptance
Take the contractual sample before commingling. Where the material must be used before results, apply a documented conditional-release rule that keeps the lot identifiable in production.
操作步骤
- Verify documents against the purchase order before unloading.
- Inspect seals, vehicle condition and packaging integrity.
- Perform the physical and sensory checks and record with photographs.
- Take and seal the contractual samples.
- Record the goods receipt with supplier lot and storage location.
- Release, conditionally release or hold according to the written rule.
需要核查的内容
- Document set complete and internally consistent before unloading
- Seal numbers checked against the shipping documents
- Sample taken and lot recorded before commingling
需管理的风险
- Discharge into a silo before inspection, eliminating the rejection option
- Damaged or wet cargo accepted without photographic record
- Seal discrepancies not recorded at arrival
常见错误
- Accepting on packing list alone during a production peak
- Leaving inspection to warehouse staff with no written procedure
- Signing delivery documents clean when the cargo shows damage
常见问题
What if there is no time to inspect before unloading?
Note the constraint on the delivery document, take samples during unloading and record condition photographically. An annotated document preserves far more position than a clean signature.
Who should perform receiving inspection?
Trained receiving staff working from a written procedure, with escalation to quality for any deviation. Independent surveyors are used for high-value or contested cargo.